Online Baby Supplies

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Where To Buy Alarms & Security And Why I Buy BuyOnMe's Alarms & Security

Where to buy Alarms & Security products?

That's a good question.. My favorite online shops are Focalprice and buyonme.com. Why I choose above 2 online stores? The following are factors I will consider before purchasing:

Website Easy to Use

Good Quanlity

Returning Policy

Cheap Price

Delivery Time

Customer Service

I have bought The following products from buyonme.com

Waterproof Night Vision IR 30-LED Camera (PAL/DC 12V 500mA)

Whistle Controlled Anti-theft Anti-Lost Security Keychain (Sound

Mini Football Personal Alarm Safety Keychain Body Guard

Foscam Wireless IP Camera IR Night Audio Baby Monitor

Auto Lighting IR Motion Detector Sensor Energy Save

Fake Security Camera Dome Shell Look 100% Real

2.1mm Wide Cam 160 Degree Board Type Camera Lens CCTV

Wired Smoke Gas Leak Detector Alarm Sensor Electrical

I like above items because the price is very cheap and the quality is not bad. There also some other products of different kinds, such as ty Gadgets, USB LED Badges, CD & DVD, Electronics, Women's Clothing, Laptops, Webcams, Networking, Cameras & Accessories, Game Accessories, Valentine's Day, DIY Apparels, Watches, Christmas Gadgets, Children & Babies, MP3 & MP4, Microphones, iPad Accessories, Movie Souvenirs, Cable Management, Children Jewelry, Memory Card, Batteries, PC & Accessories, Gadgets, Hard-to-Find Gadgets, Bracelets

Other legit online stores I suggest:

BuyOnMe.com - BuyOnMe is a trustworthy site, selling cool gadgets at cheap price with free shipping service. The products are including cell phone & accessories, electronic gadgets, iphone & ipad accessories and other hard-to-find gadgets.It has live chat functions for importers and customers. And the replying speed of email and live chat is quickly. Sometimes my ordered product is out of stock, the guys of buyonme will refund me quickly (usually in 48 hours after placing an order). And then they will send me an email to inform it.

Ebay.com - The world's biggest auction platform. You could find wholesale suppliers here. People should be careful about the low price scam.

alibaba.com - You could find dirt cheap prices on alibaba. Alibaba give different level certifications to different wholesale seller, such as "gold member" or "trust member". But even trust members have been caught scamming the buyers. It seems that some scammers could buy "gold" or "trust" certifications. Anyway most sellers are doing their business honestly.

Tigerdirect - Some people used to purchase home electronics from the site, such as laptops and cameras. Yes, the price is higher than ebay but the delivery time is the advantage. We could notice some customers complaint about the slow reaction of the CS team on ResellerRatings. Anyway, my shopping experience is pleasent.

madeinchina.com - madeinchina is a china-based wholesale platform. It is smaller than alibaba. The categories are similar to alibaba. It provides another option for foreign importers.

The delivery time of buyonme.com is two weeks. The longest time I have waited is 3 weeks. I find the Alarms & Security from BuyOnMe has good quality with low price. I suggest you give a try.

About the Author

People purchase more and more
creative gadgets
as a gift to their lovers from the Internet nowadays. Both the consumer behaviors and their life are changed.

The Hangover - "Here's your car, officers"

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Detox Your Home and Make It Healthy

Home should be a safe haven from the outside world…and unfortunately, it is not! What is a family to do? Think about your family, your kids, your pets, and make some decisions that will have a positive effect on their health and their future.
Healthy kids in an unhealthy world.

Five definitive steps that you can take to protect your kids include: stop using lawn pesticides, eliminate tuna from their diets, select organic apple juice and apple products, use green cleaning products, and filter your drinking water.

The kitchen – the epicenter of safety
An area of the home in which water is used profusely is the kitchen. So, use a living water filtration system (www.nikken.com/corewellness), dispose of hazardous water appropriately, use non-toxic cleaners and watch items that are heavily sprayed. For example organic meals, dairy products, fruits and vegetables that are sprayed include apples, celery, cherries, grapes, grapefruit, lettuce, peppers, potatoes, and strawberries. Those that are least contaminated include artichokes, asparagus, avocados, banana, beets, sweet corn, cranberries, eggplant, mangos, onions, pineapple, and zucchini.

Minimize or avoid soft plastic, never microwave in plastic. Use glass food storage containers, baby bottles, and wood or metal bowls/cutlery. Avoid polyvinylchloride (PVC) and grades 3, 6 or 7 plastics.

In the Bathroom
We spend lots of time there, and yet, the bathroom is often unsafe! Use a shower or bath chlorine filter to eliminate the chlorine from the water. Otherwise, you may as well bath in the local swimming pool. Make healthy choices when it comes to shampoos, creams, personal care products.

In the Living Room
Minimize flame retardant exposure in products like computers, TV’s, carpeting, household furniture and flooring by reusing/buying second hand or consult buying guides at www.safer-products.org/page.php?p=hous&s=cosm. Limit formaldehyde exposure in many carpets, durable press drapes, particleboard and adhesives.

Only buy plastic toys if they are PVC or phthalate free- (PVC, polycarbonate/PC, #7 or #3 recycling code). Avoid dollar store toys and toys with kiddie meals. Phthalate-free teethers and rattles include Chicco, Little Tikes, Evenflo, Gerber, Hasbro, Fisher-Price, Shelco, Playskool, Mattel, Arco, Tyco and The First Years. PVC-free toys are made by Baby Vision, Early Start, Little Tikes, Primetime Playthings, Tiny Love (except Discovery Lane), Brio, Gerber toys after 2000, Playskool, Viking Toys, Sassy (except vinyl photo albums), and Lego (except Scala dollheads).

In the Basement
Avoid mould and mildew by ventilating properly, using dehumidifiers where needed and maintaining humidifiers.

In the Garden
Select pesticide free lawn care products. Check your lawn service carefully. It is common practice for mainstream companies to advertise “organic” or “green” care options where they use an organic fertilizer but still use pesticides and pre-emergent poisons. Be an educated consumer; visit sites such as: www.beyondpesticides.org/lawn/factsheets/faq.htm.

In the car
Have your infant car seat inspected to ensure safe installation. Consider a used car, which will have lower flame retardant and phthalate levels.

Make your home a safe haven from the outside world – and ensure good health for you and your family in the process!

Resources
“Household Detective Book” by Children’s Health & the Environment Coalition
“The Safe Shopper’s Bible: A Consumer’s Guide to Nontoxic Household Products” by Dr. David Steinman& Samuel S. Epstein
“Home Safe Home” by Debra Lynn Dadd
“Chemical-Free Kids: How to Safeguard Your Child’s Diet and Environment” by Allan Magaziner, Linda Bonvie, Anthony Zolezzi

About the Author

Our mission is the education and advocacy of natural medicine and a holistic lifestyle. Anything from what we put into our bodies to the products we purchase to how we invest our money to how we treat the earth has an impact on our whole being and ultimately each other. Our magnificent innate ability to heal becomes repaired and enhanced with the help of wonderful practitioners and guides. We strive to work with top practitioners to bring helpful education in form of the news, events and this informative website to assist you on your wellness journey.

How to put a Siliskin on an 8oz Glass Evenflo Baby Bottle

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[affmage source="linkshare" results="75"]doll baby stroller[/affmage]

The Baby Born Doll Stroller Zapf Creates A Hit!

<p>When Zapf 1st introduced their Baby Born doll onto the market, there was a huge demand for the doll. It had been incredibly realistic for when it absolutely was introduced, and ladies of all ages loved to play with her. This doll allowed children to access a terribly convincing baby as a half of their everyday play.</p>
<p>There were no batteries required of her, and she or he could perform wide selection of functions, including the flexibility to cry, drink, wet her diaper, eat, and attend the toilet on the private bathroom utility that she came packaged with. Such a realistic doll would nearly definitely need equally realistic accessories. These would go on to vary from the Baby Born doll stroller Zapf created, to the Baby Born shoes and additional food packets and extra bottles. As a collection of the doll's toys grows, folks and youngsters alike can see and observe how versatile the Baby Born dolls very is.</p>
<p>In the beginning, because the craze for Baby Born grew, so did the accessories which would be implemented within the play games surrounding Baby Born. The Baby Born Doll Stroller Zapf created was incredibly realistic and performed many of the same functions as an everyday stroller, along with the very fact that it possessed many of the identical amenities that a ancient baby stroller would be capable of possessing. The Baby Born doll really took the sport of enjoying house to the next level. The diapers that were and still are used on the doll also are terribly admire those worn by actual newborn babies. They are created of terribly similar material and embody adhesive flaps the secure the diaper onto Baby Born. Everything concerning this doll is therefore realistic it can build you wonder how Zapf was ready to make such a lifelike item!</p>
<p>A baby needs to be dressed for all totally different things, and Baby Born is not any different. With all the outfits and shoes created for and available to Baby Born, it'd then be doubtless that she would want a wardrobe, and this item wasn't long in coming. The wardrobe is the proper accessory in which to stay all of Baby Born's other items. The Baby Born Doll Stroller Zapf created might simply sit next to the wardrobe in a trial to stay your child's room, and Baby Born's items, neat and tidy.</p>
<p>When Baby Born grows within the eyes of your kid, she could be required to take on other varieties of roles. Perhaps it will be time for her to become a tea party participant. Your child will be kept entertained for hours with the Baby Born Tea Party set. This set comes with a tea pot, creamer dispenser and alternative items. As a result of of Baby Born's ability to drink liquids, she could be a natural Tea Party participant, and having her own tea party set will only fuel your kid's imagination.</p>

About the Author

Rupert Webb has been writing articles online for nearly 2 years now. Not only does this author specialize in Girl Games
You can also check out her latest website about :
<a href="http://weddingdressupgames.org">wedding dress up games</a>Which reviews and lists the best
<a href="http://weddingdressupgames.org/index.php?action=browse&cat=3">fantasy dress up games</a>

Baby Gizmo Valco Baby Princess Pram Review

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Getting The Right Baby Heart Monitor

It is such a wonderful feeling to be able to hear your babies heartbeat for the first time. When you visit your doctor for your prenatal visit they will use a simple device to monitor your babies heart rate. As their heart beats blood is pushed out in pulses and the heart monitor will detect the blood flow using sound waves.

It is doctor recommended that you monitor your babies heartbeat during your pregnancy at regular intervals even for mothers with healthy and normal pregnancies. As this will let you know that your little one is alive and is developing properly. The prenatal heart monitor checks to make sure they have a normal heart rate. If the heart rate is too fast, which is called tachycardia, this could signal a fetal distress. If the heart rate is too slow, which is called bradycardia this also could mean that something is wrong. It will help to keep you aware of any serious problems that might occur with your unborn baby if you are an expectant mother with complications such as twins, heart disease, diabetes and infections. You may need to be monitored more frequently depending on the situation.

What an intimate and bonding experience for you as expectant parents to be able to hear your very own baby's heartbeat. Some parents may even want to listen to their unborn child's heartbeat in their own home by choosing an at home prenatal heart monitor. Once you place the heart monitor on your stomach it will allow you to hear their heartbeat, kicks, and hiccups. This can help to give you comfort and peace of mind listening to your own unborn babies heart sounds. You will feel reassured that everything is fine with your baby. Most importantly this can give you really valuable information that might help to prevent any complications during your pregnancy. This will allow you to alert the doctor quickly if there are any changes or irregularities in your baby's heart rate.

For expectant parents who are wanting to listen frequently to their unborn babies heartbeat at home there are a wide variety of prenatal heart monitors to choose from. There are many different kinds and styles of heart monitors that are on the market today. You have an array of choices as well as many different features and options which vary greatly with different brands. Comparing the prices of baby heart monitors will depend on the quality of the product, the brand name, the attachments it has and the features it offers. Some heart monitors allow you to record the heartbeat making you able to share it with your family and friends. To get the best and most accurate results it is essential to choose the best baby prenatal heart monitor that is available.

About the Author

Prenatal Heart Monitors are a very helpful tool for expectant parents. We have some highly recommended prenatal monitors on our site. Visit us at
http://www.mybabyvideomonitors.com

Beating Hearts Baby - Head Automatica [with lyrics]

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[affmage source="linkshare" results="75"]Play Center[/affmage]

Choosing a Daycare Center for your child that is both FUN and SAFE. 5 tips to relieve a first-time parent's worries!

When entrusting the local daycare center, nursery or playgroup with your precious child, it is understandable that parents may be concerned. A parent can be worried that their child will not receive the same love, care, and attention that they receive at home. A parent might also be concerned with the safety of the daycare's play equipment and resting facilities.

Although it is normal to be nervous, with some tips in what to look out for when selecting a daycare center a parent can entrust their child in the daycare's care without real reason for concern.

 

1. Hygiene –

There are usually many children who play, eat and sleep in the daycare center, for many hours a day. This can lead to the spreading of many germs. Especially as the children are usually too young to be able to practice proper hygiene and are unable to wash their hands with soap, on their own. A parent should inquire as to what the daycare's cleanliness schedule is. Do they use disposable liners on the changing tables? Do they wash the children's hands with soap before they eat? Do they disinfect the tables, chairs and toys periodically? These are important question to look out for when inspecting the center.

 

2. Separation Anxiety –

It is both normal and accepted for children to have a hard time being away from their parents for the first time. A parent understands that it is necessary and healthy for the child to develop independence. However, the parent does not want the child to cry for the six hours that he/she is left alone. Find out what their procedure is in helping the children "break-in" to the new schedule. Do they let the children cry? Do they have treats they provide? Do they call the parents for assistance?

 3. Toy and Furniture Safety-

It is a parent's primary concern that their child be safe and healthy at all times. While the child is away they spend many hours a day playing with toys. There are many toys that can be dangerous or hazardous for young children. A parent should inspect the play center to ensure that there are no toys with small pieces that can pose as a choking hazard and all corners should be rounded off or padded. There are many companies such as Jonti-craft who make all their toys and furniture kid-friendly. For example: Their hinges run straight down the doors so it can't pinch fingers. There is also a company Children's Factory who makes hundreds of soft play items and furniture to provide children with safe playing time.

4. Discipline –

The discipline policy of the daycare center might be a concern to a parent. No loving parent wants their child to be disciplined in a harsher manner than necessary. Although the child might be very well-behaved, situations might arise during the day that requires discipline. Find out what their policy is. Do they hit the children? Do they withhold privileges? Are the children afraid of the staff? Select a warm, caring facility that will discipline with love and not out of anger.

5. Curriculum –

All children should begin to receive their education from an early age. Even infants will develop physically and cognitively if given the appropriate toys. Find out if the center provides educational toys for the children that will benefit their growth and development. There are many toy manufacturers such as Melissa and Doug who make great quality toys that are specially designed to promote children's development at all stages. The child should constantly be challenged to strive and grow with the toys, art supplies, books and puzzles that the center provides.

 

Of course, the parent should constantly communicate with the center to make sure their child is well-adjusted and happy, but with a bit of pre-planning you can feel confident as you wave goodbye to your child on their first day away from home.

About the Author

QualityToys.com offers a large selection of high quality educational toys, therapy toys and classroom furniture. QualityToys.com's mission is to provide parents, teachers and therapists with the products that are especially suited to their specific needs. Lea M., in charge of product research and development at www.QualityToys.com , is the mother of an adorable little boy.  She enjoys utilizing her research in both her personal and business life.

How To Play Center In Basketball

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[affmage source="linkshare" results="75"]baby signs[/affmage]

Why Teach A Hearing Baby Sign Language?

Why Teach A Hearing Baby Sign Language?

Many parents wonder why they should teach their baby Sign Language if their hearing is just fine. Isn't that introducing something unnatural and unnecessary? The answer is no. It is perfectly natural, more than most people realize and the benefits are amazing.

Babies are communicating to the best of their ability as soon as they are born. They develop at an incredible rate during the first three years just trying to get down the basics. A newborn infant cries when it needs something because it has no other choice. He cannot point to what he wants, say what he wants or move to what he wants.

Soon he will develop cries that are slightly different from one another, taking communication one step further. Parents learn to tell the "hungry" cry from the "tired" cry or the "hold me" cry.

Then he will start to coo and babble, trying to tell you about his world.

And then he will start pointing at objects and using the tone of his voice to get a point across. This phase lasts from around 4-6 months up until around two years. That is a long span of time to have limited communication when it is entirely possible to have wonderful conversations with your child that you can actually understand!

Baby Sign Language is much more natural than most parents realize. We all teach our babies to wave "Bye-bye", shake their head "Yes" or "No." We show them how to blow on their food when it's "Hot" or gently pet our arm if we want them to be "Gentle." These are all gestures used in Baby Sign Language. Expanding their vocabulary gives you and your child some great advantages.

By teaching them signs for things like "Eat", "Drink", "More" and "All Done" you eliminate many tantrums that come from a child being hungry and not having the tools to communicate what they need. Think about this: Your child wants some milk. A baby that doesn't know signs will start by grunting and pointing in the direction of where she thinks it might be. Of course if you're in the middle of the grocery store or the back yard you might think she's pointing at something completely different. Then she will start getting more and more upset until she reaches a full blown tantrum... and we all know how much fun that can be in the middle of the grocery store. A baby that has been taught to sign will simply get your attention and make the sign for "Milk" which is basically waving "Bye-bye" sideways (like you are milking a cow.) The giggle they let out when you say back to them "You want your milk?" is adorable. They are ecstatic that they have been understood.

In my experience being able to tend to your babies needs without the frustration is reason enough to teach them Baby Sign Language, but there are many more incredible benefits.

Teaching Baby Sign Language promotes healthy social and emotional development. Being able to communicate gives your child the opportunity to explore more and share more allowing them to develop to their full potential.

Teaching Baby Sign Language helps babies learn to talk sooner. One of the most common concerns I hear as an instructor is "Will my baby learn to rely on signs and decide not to speak?" Scientific studies prove exactly the opposite. When a baby learns to crawl they realize that they can get from here to there and work on improving that skill into something that works even better. The same goes for signing. A baby realizes they can communicate and grasps the concept of communication at a much younger age. When you understand what your baby is saying you repeat it back allowing them to hear the words more often, helping them to learn to speak the word sooner.

Teaching Baby Sign Language creates a stronger bond. Your baby can tell you what they see or hear, what interests they have. This gives you a priceless window into the life of your child. You and your child can share their world together. Their needs are met faster and more accurately.

Using Baby Sign Language in a daycare setting is a great way to create a universal language between babies and caregivers. It can help comfort a child who is upset about Mommy leaving, helping to explain that Mommy will be back soon.

The benefits of Baby Sign Language don't end when your child starts talking. Most children start dropping their signs as they start speaking more words, eventually leaving all their signs behind. But the benefits of what they've learned have just begun.

The more gestures a baby uses at 14 months the larger their vocabulary is at 4.5 years. A larger vocabulary is directly linked to a higher level of success later in life.

Babies who were taught to sign scored an average of 12 points higher on an IQ test at age eight than those who were not taught to sign!

Teaching Baby Sign Language can make potty training before the age of two possible and even easier than waiting until after age two!

We all want what's best for our children. We want to give them the best chance to lead a happy and successful life. Teaching them Baby Sign Language is one of the best things you can do for your child.

About the Author

Elizabeth Sprague
Baby Signs With ELizabeth
Independent Certified Instructor
Helping Babies Communicate

http://www.babysignsprogram.com/withelizabeth/

http://www.babysignswithelizabeth.blogspot.com

BabySigns Program

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How You Can Countdown Birth-baby Care?

Although pregnancy is said to last 40 weeks, this is only a convenient method of calculation it's quite normal for a baby to be born any time between 38 and 42 weeks. If your baby hasn't been born by the official due date, for more detail go to: www.baby-care-book.com. don't worry. Most doctors aren't in a hurry to induce a baby if the mother is healthy and there are no obvious problems, such as raised blood pressure Stay active and arrange some outings and visits. It's much better for both of you and the baby than hanging around the house feeling apprehensive.

It's a good idea to have everything ready for your baby's arrival and your bag packed for the hospital three to four weeks before the due date, so that you are prepared for any eventuality. You will need to pack comfortable clothing, several pairs of underwear, toiletries, and other items, such as sanitary pads, diapers, and clothes for your baby, but ask your doctor or midwife if you're not sure. You might want to bring along extra pillows or a couple comfort aids as well.

In the few days before labor begins in earnest; you may notice some signs that indicate you haven't got much longer to wait.

You may experience similar feelings to those before your period, such as a low, nagging backache.

You may become more aware of the painless lightnings of the uterine wall. These are Braxton Hicks contractions, which can begin at around six months, and occur on and off during the last few weeks.

You may have looser bowel movements as your system is affected by the increasing uterine activity.
There may be an easing of discomfort under your ribs a feeling of lightening as your baby's head engages in your pelvis. This may happen a week or two before the birth with a first baby, but just as often it doesn't happen until labor.

Many women experience a sudden burst of energy even if they have been very tired and sluggish for several weeks previously. For more help visit to: www.create-super-baby.com.You may find you want to rush around making sure everything is ready for your baby's home coming, this is known as the nesting instinct.
Understandably, you may become short tempered and impatient, with a definite sense that it's time pregnancy was over.

Labor has three distinct stages. The first stage is when the uterine contractions pull the cervix open second stage from full dilation to when the baby is born, and third stage, until the placenta is delivered.

About the Author

www.babies-tips.com

www.create-super-baby.com

Cloth Books Series: Fruits

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[affmage source="linkshare" results="75"]baby touch video monitor[/affmage]
[mage source="flickr"]baby touch video monitor[/mage]

Nursery Monitors Offer Features To Help With Time Management

Today nursery monitors can not only help with baby monitoring, they can also help you with managing your time.

Most name brand manufactures offer wireless baby monitor features as a standard, but many do much more.  Graco baby monitor for instance offers a convienent flip type handheld device that funtions as a video monitor that you can carry around your home from room to room.

This creates a great convience factor as if your baby monitor needs to be pugged in, then you have to stay close to where the receiving device is just so you'll be able to hear your baby whimpering or even crying.  Summer baby monitor makes a similar model which according to many of the baby monitor reviews offers better reception than then Graco monitor.

In choosing nursery monitors, you want to make sure you are not only protecting your baby, but today you can actually buy baby monitor that offers baby alarms that you can schedule to go off, thus reminding you to either check on your baby, or maybe to remind you about nursing or feeding time.

If you are interested in the best baby monitor selection, you really want to understand not only your baby's needs, but yours as well.  Meaning, Angelcare Monitor for instance offers a baby apnea monitor or what some call a sids monitor.  Angelcare has developed a movement sensor pad that you place under your baby's mattress which in turn can detect your baby's breathing movements.

And as such, will trigger an alarm to the parent unit if no movement is detected for any 20 second period.  This way, you can have much more assurance (than just a video monitor) could provide that your baby is in fact breathing normally and you can worry a lot less about potential sids (sudden infant death syndrome).

The nursery monitors offered by both Summer baby monitor and Angelcare Monitor had previsouly gone after two distinct consumer needs.  Summer Infant went after video monitors featuring their Summer Infant Video Monitor Series, while Angelcare Monitor went after their flagship product that being baby apnea monitor pads.

All while it would appear that both Graco Monitor and Fisher Price Baby Monitor seemed to sit on the sidelines watching these other two companies expand their research and development to develope a higher quality nursery monitors.

In fact, Angelcare Monitor has recently come out with video monitor version of their baby apnea monitor which they call the Angelcare Monitor AC1100.

This incorporates all four baby monitoring features into one, thus creating the ultimate and best baby monitor available today.

Now parents can use the video baby monitor or parent unit up to 820 feet away from the nursery monitors unit.  And, the parent unit also features a 2.75" lcd touch-screen display with sound monitoring too.  This is in addition to the movement sensor pad, thus creating a much higher level of baby monitoring for parents.

It will be interesting to see with the new Angelcare AC1100 if this in fact creates a new industry standard in baby monitors.

Overall, nursery monitors have helped both parents and babies to be better monitored and protected while parents are now able to better utilize their time while their babies are sleeping.

About the Author

MonitorYourBaby.com offers a full line of nursery monitors including Anglecare, Safety 1st, Motorola, Sony and Lorex baby monitors.  You may also watch our product video to view many of these nursery monitors.

Summer Baby Touch Color Video Monitor

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Premature Babies

Definition

A premature infant is a baby born before 37 weeks gestation.

Symptoms

A premature infant has organs that are not fully developed. The infant needs special care in a nursery until the organ systems have developed enough to sustain life without medical support. This may take weeks to months.

A premature infant will have a low birth weight. Common symptoms in a premature infant include:

• Body hair
• Episodes of absent breathing
• Enlarged clitoris (female infant)
• Lung problems such as neonatal respiratory distress syndrome
• Poor feeding
• Small scrotum, smooth without ridges (male infant)
• Soft, flexible ear cartilage
• Thin, smooth, shiny skin
• Transparent skin (can see veins under skin)
• Usually inactive -- however, may be unusually active immediately after birth
• Weak cry
• Wrinkled features

This list may not be all inclusive.

Causes & Risks

At birth, a baby is classified as one of the following:

• Premature (less than 37 weeks gestation)
• Full term (37 to 42 weeks gestation)
• Post term (born after 42 weeks gestation)

If a woman goes into labor before 37 weeks, it is called preterm labor. Often, the cause of preterm labor is unknown. Multiple pregnancy (twins, triplets, etc.) makes up about 15% of all premature births.

The following health conditions and events in the mother may contribute to preterm labor:

• Diabetes
• Heart disease
• Infection
• Kidney disease
• Lack of prenatal care
• Poor nutrition
• Preeclampsia --the development of high blood pressure and protein in the urine after the 20th week of pregnancy
• Substance abuse
• Young age (a mother age younger than 18)

A woman who has had any of the following is at increase risk of preterm labor:

• Premature rupture of the membranes or placenta previa
• Previous preterm delivery
• Problems with the uterus or cervix
• Unexplained high alpha-fetoprotein level in the second trimester
• Untreated disease or infection (such as urinary tract infection or infection of the amniotic membranes)

Tests & Diagnostics

The infant may have a low body temperature and show signs of breathing problems.

Common tests performed on a premature infant include:

• Blood gas analysis
• Blood tests to check glucose, calcium, and bilirubin levels
• Chest x-ray

Treatments

When premature labor develops and cannot be stopped medically, the health care team will prepare for a high-risk birth. The mother may be moved to a center that specifically cares for premature infants, for example, a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).

In some cases, medicines called steroids may be given to the mother in help the baby's lungs mature. When born, the baby is moved to a high-risk nursery. The infant is placed under a warmer or in an machine called an isolette, which controls the air temperature.

Since infants are usually unable to coordinate sucking and swallowing before 34 weeks gestation, your baby may have a feeding tube placed into the stomach. In very premature infants, nutrition may be given through a vein until the baby is stable enough to receive feedings by mouth. (See: Neonatal weight gain and nutrition)

If the infant has breathing problems, a tube may be placed into the windpipe (trachea). A machine called a respirator will help the baby breathe. Oxygen is given.

Nursery care is needed until the infant reaches a stable body weight and is able to feed by mouth and maintain body temperature. In very small infants, other problems may complicate treatment and a longer hospital stay may be needed.

Alternative Therapies

There are multiple support groups for parents of premature babies. Ask the social worker in the neonatal intensive care unit.

Complications

Possible complications include:

• Anemia
• Bleeding into the brain (intraventricular hemorrhage of the newborn)
• Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD)
• Cognitive or motor disability or delay
• Delayed growth and development
• Infection or neonatal sepsis
• Heart disease
• Low blood sugar (hypoglycemia)
• Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome
• Newborn jaundice
• Retinopathy and vision loss or blindness
• Severe intestinal inflammation (necrotizing enterocolitis)

Prevention

One of the most important steps to preventing prematurity is to receive prenatal care as early as possible in the pregnancy, and to continue such care until the baby is born. Statistics clearly show that early and good prenatal care reduces your chance of premature birth.

Premature labor can sometimes be treated or delayed by a medication that blocks uterine contractions. Many times, however, attempts to delay premature labor are not successful.

About the Author

Read about How To Reverse Infertility Naturally, and get Amazing Free Bonuses On Health, Relaxation and Baby Names and a 24 Hours Support From Our Customer Care on Pregnancy and Fertility Issues.

Las Mercedes Nutrition Center - El Progreso, Honduras

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[affmage source="linkshare" results="75"]baby pool float[/affmage]

Popular Pool Accessories For Toddlers

Swimming pools are a great way to cool off.  During hot weather, individuals of all ages go for a swim, including toddlers.  While pool safety is always a concern, it is even more important when toddlers are involved.  This is because most toddlers do not know how to swim. Just because a toddler does not know how to swim, it does not mean that they can't enjoy the pool, like everyone else. However, extra precautions should be taken to ensure their safety. Those extra precautions may involve the use of pool accessories.

If you are a pool owner, it is likely that you know that pool accessories include a wide variety of different items. These items may include, but should not be limited to, pool fixtures, cleaning supplies, pool toys, and lifesaving devices.  If you are the parent of a toddler, or if a toddler is planning on using your swimming pool, you may want to equip yourself with some of the most popular pool accessories, especially those that are designed with toddlers in mind. 

Since pool safety is a major concern, when it comes to toddlers and other small children, you may want to consider purchasing some accessories that are also known as lifesaving devices. These items may include arm floaties and lifejackets.  Arm floaties are safety devices that go on a child's arm.  Many young children use them.  In fact, they enable a child, who would otherwise not know how to swim, to stay afloat.  Lifejackets have a similar purpose, expect they attach on to a child like a piece of clothing. 

In addition to lifesaving devices, such as arm floaties or lifejackets, you may also want to consider purchasing pool toys. As with most pool accessories, pool toys include a wide variety of different items. These items may include, but should not be limited to kickboards, swim rings, baby floats, and beach balls. If you are looking for entertaining toys, you may want to consider purchasing a beach ball or smaller toys that float on the water, such as fishes.  Many small children, including toddlers, find these toys to be entertaining.

As previously mentioned, swim toys may also include kickboards, baby floats, and swim rings.  While these popular pool accessories are considered toys, they may also assist those that are unable to swim on their own. Swim rings are ideal for toddlers who may have some swimming knowledge. They can also be used in conjunction with arm floaties or a small life jacket. For smaller children, such as small toddlers or infants, a baby float may be ideal. Baby floats, unlike traditional swim rings, often have leg holes and they are specially shaped for stability. 

While pool toys and lifesaving devices are the most popular pool accessories for toddlers, they are not the only ones. Whether you are looking for additional pool hardware, fixtures, or something else, that is safe for toddlers, there is likely something on the market that will meet your needs. By examining these products, you may even find a new toy or lifesaving device that you were previously unaware of. 

If the above mentioned pool accessories, for toddlers, seem like something you would like to have on hand, you will need to start shopping.  Pool accessories can be purchased form a wide variety of different locations. These locations may include storefront retail locations or online retailers.  Most stores, whether they are on or offline retailers, are likely to have a fairly large selection of these popular pool toys and accessories.

The cost of all swim accessories, including those for toddlers, will depend on what accessories you are purchasing and where you are purchasing them from.  For low-cost swim accessories, such as arm floaties, floating toys, or beach balls, you may be able to shop at your local discount store or dollar store. For more expensive items, such as a lifejackets, kickboards, or baby floats, you may need to shop online or visit your local pool supply store.

When it comes to entertaining toddlers and keeping them safe, you do not always have to purchase items that are considered top of the line, although you may want to. Regardless of which of the above mentioned swim accessories you purchase, it is likely that your young swimmer will be pleased with their new water toys.

About the Author

Hello It's Anthony Vincent and I wanted to invite you to the website that will show you how to make money online: http://www.Residualincomeaffiliatemarketing.com
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baby james in pool float

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[affmage source="linkshare" results="75"]Replacement Wheel[/affmage]

Selecting Castors and Pneumatic Wheels

Pneumatic wheels are replacement wheels that are extremely suitable for uneven such as Agricultural, Institutional; Industrial floors that usually demand rough and tough usage. Some of their features include the shock absorbing characteristics, their quiet operation, and ease of rolling that make them ideal for rough surface. Pneumatic Wheels are suitable for manual operation for both indoor and outdoor environments.

It is important to consider various factors while trying to identify proper castors and Pneumatic wheel because at the end each application is unique in its usage, function and output. IT is advised that a buyer should consider buying the castor or Pneumatic wheel that is suits their needs and application.

Criteria to consider before Selecting Castors and Pneumatic wheels include load weight, floor conditions, unusual conditions, temperature, swivel radius, Rollability and technical assistance.

The more heavy load is, larger the wheel diameter required for the castor and the Pneumatic wheel. The load weight also influences the rollability. It is advised that for loads over 250 pounds bearings be incorporated. When the momentary load imposed upon a castor or wheel when the load is dropped on equipment, strike obstruction or vibrates it should be able to absorb the shock and impact.

Castors and the Pneumatic wheels you opt for must be large enough to suit your peculiar floor conditions. It should be able to deal with cracks in the floor, moldings, or any other unforeseen obstacles.

The larger the wheel, the easier it is to roll. Make a note that a hard, narrow crowned tread rolls more easily than a flat soft tread on a smooth floor, but the wheel may be hard on the floor. Soft treads protect floors and pass over floor obstructions more easily.  Make sure you use the largest wheel diameter for best results. Likewise, the larger the swivel radius, the easier the castor will rotate.

Before buying Castors and Pneumatic wheels you should identify your needs and then look for the particular features to suit your requirements. If need be you should seek technical assistance. This will help you getting the right castors and wheels.

About the Author

For more resources about Castors or even about Pneumatic Wheels please review this page http://www.bilgroupcw.eu

How to replace a rear wheel bearing in your car.

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[affmage source="linkshare" results="75"]babyliss pro titanium[/affmage]
[mage source="flickr"]babyliss pro titanium[/mage]

BaByliss Pro Nano Titanium Ultra Thin Flat Iron Review

BaByliss has introduced a complete line of hair care tools including straighteners, crimpers, dryers, and hot air stylers and brushes, each of which is designed to give extra shine, style, and gorgeousness to your hair. Among many of its hair stylers, BaByliss hair straighteners or flat irons deserve a special note. One of the latest in BaByliss flat iron group is Nano Titanium Ultra Thin Straightener, which has been exclusively designed to suit your busy schedule, as it does its work up to 40% faster than many other styling tools now available in the market.

Perhaps the most noteworthy of its features is slim, extra long plates. This in turn helps for strain-free, quick hair styling. Since its plates are made using a combination of materials like ceramic and nano silver, it not only helps for stable and even distribution of heat across the hair as well as efficient heat retention but also safeguards your hair while styling via killing all kinds of bacteria. It also helps to lock in hair’s color and seal in natural oil, as ceramic radiates far infrared rays – a kind of electro magnetic wave that is capable to deeply penetrate into the hair shaft by drying your hair from the inside out. The properties of ionic technology add to its high performance.

Equally worth mentioning is its features like advanced heaters that help for quick heat up and exceptional heat stability. With the surround heat options, it enables you to try several creative hair styles like curling, flipping, and waving, in addition to straightening your hair. This straightener is also noted for its lightweight attractive profile attached with cool tips, which in turn helps you for easy handling as well as strain-free hair styling. Further, a specialty is that it does its work superbly on all types of hair; let it be curly, fine or sensitive, or rebelliously thick, as it comes with strategically positioned temperature dial with 50 heat settings and that too selectable in increments of five.

The functioning of this straightener is further enhanced by built-in ionic generator and LED electronic temperature controls. A range of other distinctive features also form part of this styler, such as on / off adjustable settings up to 450 degrees, professional 360 degree swivel cord to prevent tangling, and AC 110V 60Hz for its usage in USA and Canada. Above all, BaByliss Pro Nano Titanium Ultra Thin Flat Iron is supported by two year limited warranty.

About the Author

An Extensive collection of Babyliss flat irons at Flat Iron Experts, the online shopping site for flat irons, curling irons as well as other hair styling tools. Find experts reviews and features about different types of babyliss hair straightener.

Babyliss Pro Titanium Flat Iron NO PERM

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[affmage source="linkshare" results="75"]Framed Canvas[/affmage]

How to Buy High Quality Canvas Art on the Internet

Buying canvas art online is a relatively new phenomenon and one that seems to be taking off for three major reasons. First of all, purchasing canvas art online is a little cheaper than buying it from stores because savings that are made as a result of the lack of overheads are passed on. Second of all, there is a much greater range of canvas art available so you will not have to travel from gallery to galley until you find what you want. Finally, it is easy to buy art online and select the canvas art you like best from the wide range of art stores available at your fingertips. Despite these reasons, which are actually major advantages of the buying online process, many individuals that know little about art or have never bought online before do tend to hesitate to do just that. Why? Because there is no way of knowing that you are investing in good quality canvas art, is there?

To answer that pressing question, it is easy to buy high quality canvas art on the Internet if you know exactly what you are looking for and exactly how to go about the entire process. There are plenty of hints and tips out there to help you but they are not all in the one place and that is a little problematic. However, you will find the top eight tips as to how to buy high quality canvas art on the Internet below. Follow these and you will guarantee that your investment in high quality canvas art is secure:

• Take Your Time – When performing your initial search for high quality canvas art, allocate yourself a couple of hours just to browse. You will find that you need it when you start exploring some of the amazing sites out there, such as Canvas Paintings Art Gallery. There are many options to choose from so you should never ever rush through them. Really take your time and short list your favorite canvas art before going back to choose between them all.
• Choose A Category – You may also want to choose a category or categories that you like best to narrow down your search because some sites have that many pieces of art available that it is difficult to choose between them all. If you narrow your area of interest then you will be able to find what you are looking for.
• Quality Guidelines – The best online art stores out there have guarantees of quality, returns policies and even quality guidelines to offer you peace of mind. You do not need all three but there should be at least one on the site to reassure you that they offer high quality canvas art. If there are none of these three elements then look elsewhere.
• Check The Canvas – What is the canvas made of for the canvas art you are purchasing? It should be cotton, GSM or another natural product. If it is not and it is made of synthetic materials like polyester then you should look elsewhere. Poor quality canvases result in poor quality art so go natural every time.
• Check The Frame – Canvas art may not come with a frame but if it does then make sure that it is a good quality frame made of high quality wood to protect the canvas and to stand the test of time.
• Choose An Artist – There are so many generic canvas art prints out there that it can be difficult to find unique canvas art or even prints that are attributed to an artist. Always choose an artist if you can because that adds value. If there are millions of the same print out there then it will not increase in value so be picky.
• Check The Delivery Schedule – If your delivery takes less than 7 days it is likely that the artwork has been sitting in a warehouse with a dozen other paintings just like it.  A quality dealer will paint artwork upon order and should take 14-21 days.  With this type of delivery you know the artwork is original and hand-painted.

Finally, Check Delivery Type – You should check all the information on site in relation to delivery because it is important to note that not all companies take the care that you would like them to when shipping your canvas art. Make sure that they will pack it well to protect it and offer a guarantee. From there, you will be able to enjoy your canvas artwork as soon as it arrives.

About the Author

canvas art

Framing : How to Frame a Canvas Print

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[affmage source="linkshare" results="75"]lullaby baby cd[/affmage]

Music Helps Baby Baby brain and Emotive Adding To

Through the first weeks in the womb a baby's capability to process sound and music grows stronger.

When a baby is born he or she is already able to recognize familiar tunes and distinguish between the voice of his parents and other peoples voices.

It's been proven that infant's prefer songs sung by their parents to radio or CD music, I would therefore recommend parents record themselves singing a soothing lullaby.

babies show a preference for soothing classical music over heavy rock and studies done in Neonatal Intensive Care Units with premature infants show that soothing music from the Baroque period can lower the blood pressure and stress hormones of these young newborns.

How new borns Respond to Music

Birth to Six Months: Bythis age a lot of kids respond to music playing, they will move their body in time to the music. They will turn their heads towards sounds that catch their attentions and cry in response to unpleasant noises.

Six Months to One Year: As an infant's eye hand coordination develops they turn into more mobile; new borns will grasp and manipulate objects. This means that a baby can shake a rattle and understands that the shaking causes the noise to occur. infant's begin to clap their hands in response to music and parents should this behviour.

Songs to Sing with infants

It doesn't matter if you have a wonderful tone of voice or not or even if you sing out of tune. Try singing a lullaby such as "Hush, Little Baby" before putting your baby down for a nap.

Hush Little Baby

Hush, little baby, don't say a word. Papa's gonna buy you a mockingbird

And if that mockingbird won't sing, Papa's gonna buy you a diamond ring

And if that diamond ring turns brass, Papa's gonna buy you a looking glass

And if that looking glass gets broke, Papa's gonna buy you a billy goat

And if that billy goat won't pull, Papa's gonna buy you a cart and bull

And if that cart and bull turn over, Papa's gonna buy you a dog named Rover

And if that dog named Rover won't bark Papa's gonna buy you a horse and cart

And if that horse and cart fall down, You'll still be the sweetest little baby in town.

One, Two ,Three

One, two, three, four, five, Once I caught a fish alive, Six, seven, eight, nine, ten, Then I let it go again. Why did you let it go? Because it bit my finger so. Which finger did it bite? This little finger on my right.

Lavender's Blue

Lavender's blue, dilly dilly, Lavender's green When you are King, dilly dilly, I shall be Queen

Who told you so, dilly dilly, Who told you so? was my own heart, dilly dilly, That told me so

Call up your friends, dilly, dilly Set them to work Some to the plough, dilly dilly, Some to the fork

Some to the hay, dilly dilly, Some to thresh corn Whilst you and I, dilly dilly, Keep ourselves warm

Lavender's blue, dilly dilly, Lavender's green When you are King, dilly dilly, I shall be Queen

Who told you so, dilly dilly, Who told you so? was my own heart, dilly dilly, That told me

Carritos para bebe

About the Author

http://www.carritosbebe.org

Lullaby: Baby Power LIVE by Raimond Lap

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Ma Kali - The Mother Goddess

 

Nechey nechey ai Ma Shyama/ Ami je tore shonge jaboe/

Tui khabi  Ma panthar muroe/ Ami je tore prasad paboe !

 

Roughly translated, it reads Mother Kali, come dancing on, I will follow you/ you will munch the sacrificed goat's head/ I will have the leftovers.

 

Not quite an appetizing meal, but the Bengali singing unsteadily on his feet was dripping piety. Probably, it was the country liquor with which he filled up himself, but his devotion and religiousity was unmistakable. In that, at least, he was different from Gunter Grass, who excoriated Ma Kali in his book, Show Me Your Tongue. Ma Kali, anyway, had her turn of excoriating Grass. It became known that Gras had enrolled in the Nazi air force at 16.

      

Since paleolithic times humankind have been worshipping goddesses, and anthropologists think (without firm evidence) that the first god or the entity for worship conjured up by those of our .distant ancestors was female. This belief is somewhat supported by the ancient myth of creation by self- fertilisation, very common in the vegetable kingdom and in parthenogenetic insects, mollusces and snails.  Probably, this had given rise to the belief that the Mother Goddess created not only herself , but also the universe all by herself,  alone.

 

Agricultural religions

 

And that accounted for the growth of agricultural religions, belief systems narrating that the benevolence, happiness and prosperity the gods shower on us are all due to the Mother Goddess (MG for short). No wonder,  that nearly all such early religions, societies and tribes were matriarchal.  Be that as it may, there is no evidence that the female members of such societies considered themselves superior to their male constituents. Usually, a balance was achieved by equally honouring the female and male gods. This could be the origin of that charming myth of the marriage between Earth Mother and Sky God in many early cultures and societies. A line from a poem by Mao Ze Dong stating that women hold up the sky reflects that belief.

 

Images

 

The first images (excavated) which the Cro-Magnons of the Upper Paleolithic Period had made are all unmistakably female figures going back to as early as 35,000 BCE.  Naturally, they are all called Venus, after Botticelli's masterpiece renaissance painting, The Birth of Venus.  There is a Venus of Vestonice  (Czechoslovakia -  circa 35,000 - 25,000 BCE); of Willendorf (Germany - ca 22,000 BCE); and one in Laussel, southern France chiselled out as a bas-relief in a rock shelter, ca  19,000 BCE. There is also the doubtful Venus of Morocco (ca 400,000 BCE) because experts are not sure how it was made - shaped by the actions of rain and wind or by human hands. They are, however, unanimous in their opinion that it was used as a figurine. The Laussale Venus is painted in red, perhaps suggesting blood . This and the detail showing a bison horn held in one hand suuggests that the rock shelter was probably a hunting shrine. There are Cro-Magnon paintings in caves showing women during during child birth. An interesting painting in the Pyrennes depicted a naked woman  apparently  as a mascot of mammoth hunters , the guardian of wild things and the defender of the cave shelter. 

 

Proto-Neolithic (circa 9,000 - 7,000 BCE); Middle Neolithic (ca 6,000 - 5,000 BCE); and Higher Neolithic (ca 4,500 - 3,500 BCE) Periods also yielded female figurines, some of which were decorated and appeared to have been objects of worship.  Isis or the Horned Goddess was depicted in cave paintings (ca 7,000 BCE) in Africa, interestingly as a bisexual woman. MG was called  Ta - Urt (Great One) in predynastic Egypt before ca 3100 BCE, and was shown as a pregnant hippopotamus standing on her hind legs. MG figurines associated with cow, sheep, goat, dove, humped ox, snake, pig and double axe were the characteristics of the Halaf culture flourishing in the Tigris basin, ca 5,000 - 4,000 BCE.  The  Sumerian culture (ca 4,000 BCE) associated princesses and queens of the cities with the MG, while the kings were regarded as gods.

 

Different roles

 

In the millennia gone, MG asumed and played many roles -- mother, wife, creator, destroyer, homemaker, huntress, healer, sorcerer...and so on, her roles depending on the state of development of the culture she was a part of. She could be a queen with a royal consort; she could be a mother whose son had died or sacrificed to represent the birth and rebirth of the seasons; she was called by a myriad of names and had many faces, but always unfailingly she represented nature, and was identified with the sun and the moon;  with the earth and the sky. Her devotees, whatever they called themselves,  were nature worshippers as well.  She was the Supreme Being, while the gods were described in anthropomorphic terms.

 

It is generally believed that the Black Madonna icons were created from the descriptions of ancient goddesses, particularly the Egyptian Goddess Isis holding on her lap her son, Horus. Spirits of the benevolent or malevolent kinds are described in many languages (for example Syriac) in the feminine gender. So it was in early Christianity upto circa 400 CE, after which the practice was discontinued.  Even at present, the  Latter - day Saints or the Mormons (followers of a tangential Christian doctrine) subtly accept the existence of a Heavenly Mother, but chastise the members who openly declare their adherence to this goddess instead of praying to God the Father.  The Mother Goddess was the central figure, the very essence of the craft and practice of Neo - pagan Witchcraft. As the Great Mother, she represented fertility bringing forth all life; as Mother Nature, she embodied the world of the living and the world of the planets.  She herself was the elemental force: the creator and the destroyer.  She was the Queen of Heaven; and she was the moon. Emotion, intuition, magical powers and psychic faculty were her attributes.  A genderles Divine Force  was the power behind her, but in the universe it was manifested as male and female principles.  Though both the principles were accepted,  the Goddess or the female principle was given importance by excluding the Horned God or the male principle.  Many aspects, facets and names characterised the Goddess; but in Neo - paganism and Witchcraft, She was worshipped in her three Goddess forms : Virgin, Mother and Crone.

 

Mother Goddesses elsewhere

 

In ancient cultures Mother Goddesses were worshipped in different forms with varying names. She was known as Tiamat in Sumerian mythology; Ishtar or Inana and Ninsun were her names in Mesopotamia; Asherah in Canaan; Ashtart in Syria; and  Aphrodite in Greece. The Mother Goddess of the Celts or the  ancient  Irish,  Anu or sometimes called Danu lend her name to  Irish literature, and  Tuatha de Dannan meaning people of Danu came to be known as the last and most favoured generation of gods.  The  Nordic Bronze Age was the time  when probably a Mother Goddess was worshipped by the Germanic  tribes as a part of their religious practice, known as  the  Nerthus of  Germanic mythology. She lived on in the Norse mythology as Frevia, and was worshipped by that name. Njord, interestingly, was her male counterpart in Scandinavia, the only male deity in an otherwise female pantheon,  which included Yggdrasil or World Ash.  It is said that the image of Grendel's mother in the poem Beowulf  was based on a Mother Goddess from Norse mythology.

 

Ancient Near Eastern culture zones surrounding the Aegean Sea worshipped the  MG known as Cybele. Her  other forms,  revered in  Rome were known as Magna Mater,  Great  Mother,  Rhea and Gaia.  Classical  Greece  had  twelve  Olympian  Mother  Goddesses  like  Hera, Demeter and so on with many special powers. Potnia Theron,  the MG of the  Minoans was the Mistress of the Animals  besides many other qualities.  Apparently,  all her  powers were later appropriated by Artemis born of Zeus and Leto.  Apollo, the very good-looking Greek God was her twin brother.  She was beautiful and energetic; wore a short dress leaving her legs bare; and looked young all the tme.  She was also the MG of  the place  known  as  Ephesus  where she wore a peculiar dress representing honeycombs, breasts, fruits and the like. Experts are divided over the purposes of her outfit, but the general opinion is that it represents a lactating woman capable of feeding many babies.  A  bow  is her  symbol, her hunting weapon;  and she often wears a crescent on her  brow.  Her strength lies in her ability to defend herself, and naturally  she is a defender of women and animals.  She  provides  comfort to women  during  child birth.  She dislikes men, an example of misandry perhaps,  and  hates  marriage for the bondage it imposes on women.

 

Greek  and  Roman (Italian)  Mother Goddesses 

 

Quite a number of  Mother Goddesses are  common in  Greek and Roman mythologies,  among whom perhaps the most revered is Cybele. She is a Near  Eastern  MG  with her domain spreading from Phrygia to Greece, Rome amd other places. The  Agora in Athens,  a sort of gathering and commercial centre once, has a temple known as Metroon dedicated to her.  Sacred  prostitution, castration and fertility rites were the forms in which she was paid tributes. Her cult followers raised monuments in her honour from circa 6,000 BCE to the end of the Roman Empire. Recent archaeological finds have established that she was venerated even in Thrace. Rhea is her other name in Greece, and Agdos is what she is called when she takes the form of a rock.  In an interesting observation,  Ean Begg in his work on Christian Black Virgins speaks of a link Cybele has with the Ka'bah : "Her name is etymologically linked with the words for crypt, cave, head and dome and is distantly related to the Ka'aba, the cube-shaped Holy of Holies in Mecca that contains the feminine black stone venerated by Islam" Begg, p.57.  Though famously known as The Great Mother, she was also called  Mater Kubile;  while her Roman Ceremonial name  name was Mater  Deum  Magna  Idaea (Great Idaean  Mother of the  Gods). She  was one of the various nature deities worshipped in Asia Minor, and Phrygia in west - central Turkey  was  the original place of her cult - followers.  The Greeks saw her resmblance to their own  MG, Rhea and unhesitatingly combined the two. In 204 BCE,  when Hannibal was marching  to conquer  Rome,  there was a prophecy stated to be from her that the enemy would be defeated and expelled  if the "Idaean Mother" was brought to Rome, together with her sacred symbol, a small stone reputed to have fallen from the heavens. Though emphasis was placed on her maternal instincts and attributes,  her worship was orgiastic in nature. Apparently, only castrated males could become her priests, so as to honour her lover the agricultural god Attis  who  self - mutilated himself that way and died bleeding under a pine tree.                                                                                                           

 

Aurora or Eos is the Greek Goddess of Dawn, daughter of the Titan, Hyperion; the Sun God, Helios is her brother and the Moon Goddess,  Selene  is her sister. Homer described her in his works as the Rosy - Fingered  one.  Her lover is the hunter Orion as also Cephalus, who is the father of her child, Phaethon.  Artistically,  she is depicted as rising from the sea in a chariot drawn by winged horses,  and morning dews falling  from the two pitchers held in her hands.

 

The Furies are so called because they are the Goddesses of anger, jealousy and revenge. The Greeks  (probably not to provoke them) called them euphemistically Eumenides (meaning  "The Kind  Ones),  and Romans (not so tactful) addressed them as Furiae. Older than the Olympian  Pantheon,  this trio or triune were the punishing force of  the Mother  Goddess  disciplining  Her law - breakers.  It is speculated that they were personification of curses and rose from  ghosts or the victims of murder. The Greek poet Hesiod believed them to be the daughters of the Earth Mother, Gaia and to come out of  the mutilated body of Her spouse, Uranus.  Aeschylus in his plays called them the daughters of Nyx; Sophocles in his works described them as daughters of Darkness and Gaia; and it was Euripides who spoke of them as three in number.  Subsequent authors named them  Alecto (Unceasing in Anger); Tisiphone (Avenger of Murder); and Megaera (Jealous). They lived in the underworld, due to which they were associated with the fertility of the soil, and came out often to chase and punish the wicked. The Greeks were afraid even to utter their name,  Erinyes, and in addition to the appeasing title of  "The Kind Ones" called them  Semnam Theai meaning The Venerable Goddesses.

 

Quite a contrast to The Furies was  the Italian or Roman  Goddess of the hearth,  Vesta; her Greek counterpart was called Hestia. Her priestesses were required to protect a continuously burning fire symbolising the hearth, and to remain virgins.  The Vestal cult was one of the oldest in Rome, and in ancient republican times state functions began with a prayer to the god Janus and concluded by invoking Vesta.  As opposed to this, the Hestia cult was not that important in Greece; nor was her image (unlike Vesta) kept for worhip  in  housealtars.  The state worship of  Vesta was quite elaborate, carried out in a circular building similar to the early Italian huts and to the hearth in a home.  There was a Temple of Vesta in the Roman Forum,  restored and renovated many times during the ancient Roman Imperial and Republican phases.  Inside that temple burned perpetually the fire of the public/state hearth attended by the  Vestal  Virgins.  On March 1, the first day of the ancient Roman New Year, the fire was put out once only to be rekindled again. If it went out accidentally or otherwise,  the event was regarded as the omen for an impending disaster. The inner sanctuary was not open to the public; only during the 9 days of Vestalia in June 7 to 15, barefoot matrons were allowed to go inside.  Those days were considered unlucky, and the temple was kind of sanitised by ceremonial sweeping and dumping the refuse in a particular spot along the Clivus Capitolinus or by throwing them in the Tiber river. Atrium Vestae was the name of the sacred area and  consisted of the Temple of  Vesta, a sacred grove, Regia  or the chamber of the chief priestess (pontiflex maximus) and the House of the Vestals. Vesta was portrayed as a fully draped woman with an ass, her favourite animal. As she was the patroness of bakers and an ass was used to turn the millstone  grinding the grain, the animal accompanied her. Fornax or the spirit of the baker's oven was also associated with her.

 

The New Year festivities of both the Greeks and the Romans were held around 15 March, the time of Spring Equinox when the Sun had completed its annual journey according to their belief, and was called Anna Perenna. As the Sun was the giver of Life and Food, this festival was also considerd a homage to the Mother Goddess. Incidentally, it sounds nearly the same as Anna Purna, the name of a Hindu Mother Goddess.

 

The Greek Goddess Aphrodite's counterpart in Roman mythology was Venus. As she was the mother of Rome's founder  Aeneas, she was considered a Mother Goddess and ancestor of all the subsequent Roman rulers. During the rule of Julius Caeser, she was called Venus  Genetrix.  The legend of the founding of Rome, however, has it that the city was founded by Romus and Romulus, sons of a vestal virgin.

 

Buddhist  Mother  Goddess        

 

The  origins of the female Bodhisattva, Kuan Yin (also called Kwan Yin and Quan Shi Yin) are still a matter of debate among Buddhist scholars. Etymologically, her name means someone attending to the cries of the distressed, a definitive maternal quality placing her in the Pantheon of Mother Goddesses. She is considered to be the female form of Avalokiteswara, the Bodhisattva of Compassion, whose worship in China began in the early years of the Common Era.  Apparently, the first reference to this MG is in the Lotus Sutra of 405 CE; but, by the tenth crntury she was also thougt of as a male. During the reign of the Chang Dynasty, Tantric Buddhism conceptualised her as a beautiful white-robed female Bodhisattva in the eigth century CE.   In the next century, there were statues of  Kuan Yin  in all the Chinese Buddhist monasteries. 

 

Imagining  Bodhisattva as a female was not inconsistent to Buddhist belief because the Bodhisattva could assume any form, wearing it like a garb to bring salvation to the people. There are references to such acts of redemption by "a variety of shapes" in the Lotus Sutra. Some are of the opinion that Kuan Yin was the title conferred on Miao Shan, a Chinese Princess of circa 700 BCE.  It is believed that she was in Pu-To-Shan, the sacred  island - mountain in the Chusan Archipelago for nine years bringing rescue and  relief to ship - wrecked sailors. Tales of her acts of mercy spread all over northern China in no time.

 

Kuan Yin assumes  various  forms  representing different aspects of her attributes. A slender woman in a flowing white robe, carrying in her left hand a white lotus is the manner in which she symbolises purity. She may be without any ornament as a sign of her humility; or, she may be wearing some, as appropriate for a  Bodhisattva. It is, however, as a companion and friend of children, she is portrayed in homes and temples. She is normally seen sitting on a lotus with a great white veil entirely covering her, and holding a child in her arms. Or, the child is sitting on her lap; or, standing holding on to her knees; or, there may be several children playing around her. In this form of Bodhisattva, she is known as the "White - robed Honoured One".  In her thousand -  eyes,  thousand - hands Bodhisattva form, she has a multitude of arms, eyes and heads. in this form she is the Mother Goddess, observing, sensing and reaching out to help humanity with her infinite compassion and tenderness.

 

Kuan Yin  is associated with a willow branch with which she sprinkles compassion and wisdom drawn from a precious vase containing the nectar of life. She holds a scroll of prayers in her hand (like her predecessor Miao Shan did) to recite Sutras or Teachings or The Buddha and wears a rosary on her neck to receive help and succour fromThe Avalokitesvara.  The beads in the rosary are a manifestation of all living things while the action of rotating them sgnifies The Buddha guiding them through unending cycles of birth and rebirth to Nirvana.

 

Mahayana Buddhists along with Taoists of China, Japan, Korea and Taiwan worship the Bodhisattva Kuan Yin as the patroness of craftsmen, men under unlawful detention, sailors, women, children, and particularly those women desiring to have a child. It is believed that her healing powers and saving grace are so profound that a mere recitation of the Kuan Yin Sutras in the twenty-fifth chapter of the Holy  Text Lotus Sutra  would bring relief from troubles like shipwreck, fire, imprisonment, robbers, demons, fatal poisons and karmic woes, in which the devotee is immersed.        

 

HA  HAI - I  WUHTI :  Hopi (American - Indian)  Mother  Goddess

 

Ha Hai - I  Wuhti means "pour water woman", an imagery similar to Deities in many faiths shown pouring the water of life on the world. The Hopis believe that their Divine Mother does so from a hollowed - out gourd held in one hand, while a sheaf of corn is held in the other hand. She is considered to be the Mother of all things, sentient or otherwise. Kachinas or dolls with magical powers are a central feature of the Hopi beliefs, and Ha Hai - I  Wuhti is their mother and her husband Eototo is their chief. Unlike the kachinas, she is quite vocal, and speaks during Hopi festivals like Powamu, Water Serpent and Hopi Shalako through some intermediary. A  flat image of her made by the doll carver is the first present a baby receives. Such images are also given to captive eagles adopted by the tribe. Dolls carved in full relief are given to girls.

 

SGROL - MA : Tibetan  Mother  Goddess  

 

Her more popular name is Tara, and her numerous forms are worshipped in Mongolia,  Nepal  and  Tibet. Regarded as the feminine counterpart of Bodhisattva, she is said to have developed from a teardrop of  Avalokitesvara which fell on the ground and formed a lake. The legend mentions that a lotus came out of the water in full bloom revealing Tara. She comes to the aid of those who are crossing waters or going on tour. Like wise, she  helps those who are on their paths to enlightenment.      

 

Srong-brtsan-sgam-po, the first Buddhist king of Tibet had two wives, princesses of Chinese and Nepali origins. Like every pious Tibetan woman, they were considered as reincarnation of Tara. The Chinese princess was incarnated as The White Tara, signifying purity. In the legend, White Tara is the consort of The Avalokitesvara and in scrolls shown as standing to His right, or seated alone with her legs crossed holding a lotus in full bloom in her hand.  Normally, she has a third eye in the middle of her brows. In Mongolia she is called  "Tara of the Seven Eyes", as the scrolls there show her with four more eyes, two on her palms and two more on the soles of her feet.  

 

The Nepali princess was regarded as the original Tara or "Green Tara".  Her scrolls also portray her as a consort of The Avalokitesvara and show her sitting on a lotus throne with the right leg hanging down. She wears the ornaments of a Bodhisattva and holds a lotus bud  (utpala) in her hand. The full - blown and the unopened lotuses in the hands of the two Taras represent the unceasing efforts they make all the time to relieve humanity  from the worldly woes. Like the 108 traditional "Avatars" in Hinduism,  Tibetan Lamaism also invest the two Taras with 108 forms. The pennants fluttering on top of Tibetan temples normally show 21 different Taras coloured red, white and yellow surrounding a green Tara. Her headgear or scarf often depict the self - born Buddha or Amitabha because she like Avalokitesvara is also regarded  as an emanation of Amitabha. The blue form is her fearsome incarnation  Ugra - Tara or Ekajata, and like the Greco - Roman Furies destroys the wicked; the red form known as Kurukulla is the Goddess of Love and also  provides antidote to snake - bite when she is calle Janguli. Bhrukuti is the name of her yellow form, and shows her anger and displeasure in arched and raised frowning brows. There is also a Hindu Tara, a reincarnation of the goddess Ma Kali or Kali Mata.

 

Turkic Siberian Mother Goddess 

 

She is called Umai, Ymai  or  Mai, and is shown as having sixty golden tresses,  like the radiating rays of the sun.  Much earlier,  in  antiquity, she was identified with the Mother Goddess of the  Mongols known as Ot.  Interestingly, the Hindu god Shiva's consort is also known as Uma and Mai is the vernacular form of addressing one's mother in quite a few Indian languages. 

 

Hindu Mother Goddesses

 

In the pantheon of Hindu Mother Goddesses,  a very special position is held by Lakshmi because she holds the purse - strings, is the goddess of prosperity and wealth.   In the home - altars, she necessarily have a spsce, and thursdays are set aside for her weekly puja in addition to the annual festivities honouring her on a full - moon night in the autumn. . Seated on a lotus, her portrait is that of a full - bodied woman with a smiling face and being annointed by two elephants one on each side. It is believed that she rose from the sea when it was churned by deities and demons, and after a controversy she went to the side of the deities. She became the wife of Vishnu, and changed her name for each of his incarnations.  For example, when Vishnu took the form of a dwarf, she came to be known as Padma or Kamala.  A white owl is her pet animal, and in her four hands she holds a conch, a lotus, a treasure chest and makes a gesture of assurance to the devotee in the fourth.

  

Sarasvati is the Mother Goddess for all the finer things in life. Music, painting, sculpture, dance...are the spheres in which one can not excel without her blessings. Besides, it is her, the legend goes, who taught humankind how to write so as to compose songs to be sung praising the deities.  She is a four - armed goddess shown riding on the back of a white swan, holding a book and a lotus in two hands and playing the veena with the fingers of the other two. She has a mellifluous voice and sings charmingly. With all these attributes, she has one shortcoming : she is terribly jealous of her sister,  Lakshmi, and vvithdraw all her gifts bestowed earlier on someone shifting loyalty to  Lakshmi.  She need not be,  because Lakshmi by nature is fickle and often go away for no reason.

 

Ma Kali, Kali Mata or Kalka  Mata  derives her name from Kaal in Sanskrit  meaning  time. Besides being a destroyer of the wicked Asuras,  She also helps in banishing  the self - importance one acquires from time to time,  and in that sense appears to be ageless. It is not entirely correct to associate her with death, the exclusive preserve of  the god, Yama. She and her consort , the god Shiva are said to inhabit the cremation grounds, and devotees often used to go there to meditate. Their intention, apparently,  was to think of the evanescence of things  by looking  at the bodies consigned to flames nearby, decidedly a scary procedure to the uninitiated.  Eventually, however, the idea of impermanence takes hold, and the Mother Goddess and her consort help one in attaining that. The idea is somewhat similar to the Biblical injunction that proclaims one as dust to which one ultimately returns, but the process there is a bit long.

 

Of all the Hindu MGs,  Ma  Kali is the most compassionate because she (it is believed) helps the devotee to attain Moksha, yet another name for Nirvana, Salvation and so on. Her  outfit,  a  skirt  of severed hands and a neckless of  skulls is fearful enough, and the effect is further heightened by a severed head dripping blood and a chopper in the two hands on her left. Some reflection would, however, reveal that the severed head was on the shoulders of an oppressor and that the severed hands belonged to his gang members.  And,  then,  her  two right hands  (she is four - armed) are in gestures of assurance to the innocent.  Finally,  in that killing spree, she still retains her sense of proportion by sticking out her tongue as a gesture of abashment, when she steps on to the chest of  Shiva who (on finding that things are getting out of control) lies down on her path to stop her. An incrrect idea of Tantric worship associates Ma  Kali with orgiastic  violence,  providing  an excuse  for organised debauchery. According to legends, she is very motherly, a celibate and helps her devotees to attain renunciation. This is evident from the songs of Ramaprasad (circa 17th century CE) in Bengali suffused with Bhakti or devotional attachment. One roughly translated song goes like this :

 

           Who says my Mother  Shyama is black?

           She is definitely not; and is of many hues

           She could be white; and she could be yellow;

           Often, she is aquamarine: 

           It is this many - splendoured  aspect of her,

           Thinking of which Ramaprasad lives on... 

 

The Hindu Goddess of Primal Energy or Shakti is also associated with Ma Kali.  Pure awareness, as stated in scriptures, is transcendent, unchanging and kind of inert (though not a bad thing in itself). As opposed to this, Shakti is dynamic, energetic and vibrant, and is a manifestation of the female principle. It is, as though, the will and energy components of a resolve, without which nothing comes to a successful conclusion. It is said that this primal energy resides within awareness,  and goes through periodic cycles of  motion and immobility.           

 

 

Fall from pedestal

 

The MG's state of glory (at least in parts of  Eurasia) had ended apparently  with the beginning of the Hebrew religion when the god Yahweh became the ruling deity in circa 1800 - 1500 BCE, and the prophet  Abraham was living in Canaan. Her enemy number one was the Christian Church, especially the Roman Catholic Church, which identified the MG with all the pagan deities and with the evil without offering any logical proof.  The term ex cathedra perhaps describes the situation accurately,  but the attempts to suppress MG worship were not entirely successful. MG continued to remain within the hearts of the people. This was demonstrated forcefully in the sacred city of Ephesus, where the MG known as the Divine Mother, as also the Mother of Animals,  was worshipped by "all Asia and the world" according to the Bible before it was Christianized. Her most famous Ephesus image was that of a lactating woman  capable of nurturing and feeding the whole world.  In 432 Common or Christian Era (CE), the Church Council held a conclave of bishops in  Ephesus,  when people took to the streets and rioted demanding that the worship of the Mother Goddess  be restored,  and the first name they put forward was Virgin Mary, the Mother of Christ. The bishops had to give in to the people's demand and allowed Mary to be called the Mother of God,  but there was strict injunction against calling her the Mother Goddess or Goddess.  It is ironic that even to this day many  Christians wonder  why do the Catholics  show such extraordinary devotion to the Virgin Mary,  little realising  that by this the Catholics are celebrating and continuing their early ancestors'  worship of the  Mother  Goddess.

 

A controversial but decidedly feminist point of view is that the peace - loving, matriarchal and agricultural religions worshipping  various Mother Goddesses were annihilated or subjected to a strict regimen of a different kind when nomadic patriarchal warrior tribes appeared on the scene. In that scenario, the early Hebrews with their male God dispossessed the Mother Goddess of her throne and established a male - dominated society where women were brutalised, degraded and oppressed.   

 

 

Restoration (partial)

 

Anyway, in a theological sense,  Christians usually regard Mary, the Mother of Jesus Christ as a "spiritual mother" because she not only was cast in a maternal role, but also served as a protector of the humanity and as the  intermediary between the divine and  the people in general. The Catholics take her to be "the woman" described in Revelation 12 of the Bible,  who stated to have given "birth to a son,  a male child, destined to rule all the nations with an iron rod" in verse 5. That male child is Jesus Christ.   Subsequently, in verse 17,  "the rest of her offspring" was described as "those who keep God's  commandment and bear witness to Jesus".  The Catholics regard them as belonging to the rest of Mary's offsprings, and their commitment to Jesus and the God's commandment  invest them with the right to call Mary their mother. As a further back-up for their claim,  they cite  John  19 : 26 - 27 where Christ tells the  Apostle John to take care of His mother as the evidence that Mary is the Mother of all Christians. They contend that when Christ was asking his "beloved disciple" John to "behold your Mother",  He was addressing all Christians.  In addition, many titles are conferred upon  Virgin Mary in  Catholicism, like Star of the Sea (Stella Maris), Queen of Heaven and so on, which are in line with the traditions of Near East.  Then, Hagia Sophia or the concept of Heavenly Wisdom is taken to be a feminine entity,  a  noticeable departure from the Catholic understanding of  God as subsuming and transcending both masculinity and femininity. Omnipotence and creative force constitute the masculine aspect of God;  all - encompassing love and heavenly wisdom represent his femininity.  Christ  or The Son of God  is the personification of this  wisdom. Likewise in Orthodoxy,   reverence to Mary is on the same basis  as it is in Catholicism.  Mother of God and Birth - giver of God are the two honorifics bestowed on her, and she is taken to be the greatest of all human beings. But she can not be worshipped,  though she holds the positions of the supreme saint and the patroness of the humankind.      

 

       

A  Counterview

 

The opposing view is offered by examining the "real female deities of early human culture".

Lotte Motz says that she found no sign of the MG there in her book, The Faces of the Goddess :-

 

 

" From the Eskimos of the arctic wasteland, whose harsh life even today most closely mirrors the earliest hunter gatherers, to the rich cultures of the sunny Fertile Crescent and the islands of Japan, Motz looks at a wide range of goddesses who are called Mother, or who give birth in their myths. She finds that these goddesses have varying origins as ancestor deities, animal protectors, and other divinities, rather than stemming from a common Mother Goddess archetype. For instance, Sedna, the powerful goddess whose chopped-off fingers became the seals and fish that were the Eskimos' chief source of food, had nothing to do with human fertility. Indeed, human motherhood was held in such low esteem that Eskimo women were forced to give birth completely alone, with no human companionship and no helpful deities of childbirth. Likewise, while various Mexican goddesses ruled over healing, women's crafts, motherhood and childbirth, and functioned as tribal protectors or divine ancestors, none of them either embodied the earth itself or granted fertility to the crops: for that the Mexicans looked to the male gods of maize and of rain. Nor were the rituals of these goddesses nurturing or peaceful. The goddess Cihuacoatl, who nurtured the creator god Quetzalcoatl and helped him create humanity, was worshipped with human sacrifices who were pushed into a fire, removed while still alive, and their hearts were cut out. And Motz closely examines the Anatolian goddess Cybele, the "Magna Mater" most often cited as an example of a powerful mother goddess. Hers were the last of the great pagan mysteries of the Mediterranean civilizations to fall before Christianity. But Cybele herself never gives birth, nor does she concern herself with aiding women in childbirth or childrearing. She is not herself a mother, and the male character figuring most prominently in her myths is Attis, her chaste companion. Tellingly, Cybele's priests dedicate themselves to her by castrating themselves, thus mimicking Attis's death--a very odd way to venerate a goddess of fertility."

"To depict these earlier goddesses as peaceful and nurturing mothers, as is often done, is to deny them their own complex and sophisticated nature as beings who were often violent and vengeful, delighting in sacrifice, or who reveled in their eroticism and were worshipped as harlots...."

 

 

   ( taken from the Oxford University Press webpage -     http://www.us.oup.com/us/catalog/general/subject/ReligionTheology/Ancient/?view=usa&ci=9780195089677)

 

Source: Wikipedia and others

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